| ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ︵1925 — 1990︶ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠃ | 1925 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 10 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 1932 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠮᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠮᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠢᠦ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠡᠤᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠪᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠴᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠡ᠃ 9 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠡ᠃ 13 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1942 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ︵ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠠᠬᠤᠳᠠ︶ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 3 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ 46 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 8 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠡᠭᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ | ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ | ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠤ᠋ ᠪᠢᠩ ᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | 1947 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 1948 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 20 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 8 | ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠬᠡᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡᠭ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠡ᠃ 1949 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 2 | ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ | ᠤᠴᠢᠪᠡ᠃ 1950 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠤᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠤᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠪᠤᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ︽ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠨ︾ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠤ᠋ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | 1951 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠪᠸᠢ | ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 30 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ | ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠤ ᠽᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ᠂ ᠯᠢᠦ ᠱᠤᠤ ᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠤ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠧ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠨᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠭᠦᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠠᠪᠴᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1952 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠬᠦ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠡ᠃ 1953 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 1954 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ | ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ︽ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ | ᠰᠦᠷᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠭᠦ᠋ᠢᠭᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠡᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 1972 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1982 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ︽ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | 1983 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠠᠵᠢᠨᠡᠢ︾ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ | ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠧᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠭᠰᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ | ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠨᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤᠷᠤᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ | ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 1985 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ᠂ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ | ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠬᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ | ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠪᠡ᠃ 1986 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯᠠ︾ ︵︽ | ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ︾︶ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1989 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠪᠡ᠃ | 1990 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ︽ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ︾ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ |